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The LEAD Group Inc
The Lead Education and Abatement Design Group
Working to eliminate childhood and foetal lead poisoning
by the year 2012 and to protect the environment from lead
ABN 25 819 463 114

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Glass Web & Service-Users, Experts & Volunteers, By Country;
 Countries With Leaded Petrol For Road Use & Worst Pollution

215 COUNTRIES CHARACTERISED POLITICALLY & INTO 3 DEVELOPMENT LEVELS
KEY 
LLS = 74 Least Developed Countries / Landlocked Developing Countries / Small Island Developing States (UNCTAD, 2005) (excludes 10 Transition countries)
Other = 86 countries being neither LLS nor T&OECD (UN, 2006; CIA, 2007; TLG 2004-7)  
T&OECD = 55 Transition Countries (G24, 2005) (includes 10 * Landlocked countries) & Organisation for Economic Cooperation & Development (OECD, 2006) Countries
G77 = Group of Seventy-Seven at the United Nations, originally 77 developing countries in 1964, now a political force of 130 countries including China (G77, 2007)
TLG Web = 201 Countries that have used the website where information and referrals developed by GLASS (Global Lead Advice & Support Service) are web-published - www.lead.org.au © The LEAD Group (TLG) (GLASS, 2004-8)
GLASS Service = 88 Countries that have used the direct info & referral service - GLASS - to make individual enquiries. Clients of the service include parents, industry, government, lawyers, landlords, tenants, painters, ceiling dust removalists, miners, shooters and other lead-workers and hobbyists, doctors, vets, etc. (GLASS 1995-2007)
GLASS Experts = 27 Countries that have a lead expert who is listed in the GLASS database. (GLASS, 1995-2007) An expert is a professional or organisation who works with lead or deals with lead problems in their profession or hobby, and who can offer useful information or services pertaining to lead management, or who is responsible for lead policy or education programs. Lead poisoned adults or the parents of lead poisoned children can be considered an expert if they are willing to share their experiences with others in similar situations.
GLASS Volunteers = Countries from which GLASS volunteers have come (GLASS, 1995-2007). Volunteer roles at GLASS include manager, system analyst, webmaster, interns/researchers, accountants, systems administrators, data-entry officers, film-maker. Some obtain several days training or work 1-2 days a week for months and then obtain paid work elsewhere, others leave when their project or internship finishes, a few provide dedicated service over many years, most remain in Australia but some return home and spread their knowledge about lead. Most of the GLASS volunteers also speak and write a language or languages other than English.
Leaded Petrol = Countries where leaded petrol may be sold for road use (TLG, 2005; 2007)
            Leaded =   Possibly Leaded =   (excluded from analysis)
Worst Polluted = Countries listed under Pollutant “LEAD” with Blacksmith Institute projects in Worst Polluted places in developing countries (Blacksmith Institute, 2006).
Country                                               G77 countries are marked in yellow G77 LLS Other T&OECD TLG Web GLASS Service GLASS Experts GLASS Volunteers Leaded Petrol Worst Polluted
LLS                    
Afghanistan               1 1     1       1  
Angola 1 1     1          
Antigua and Barbuda 1 1     1          
Bahamas 1 1     1          
Bangladesh 1 1     1     1    
Barbados 1 1     1          
Benin 1 1     1 1        
Bhutan 1 1     1          
Bolivia 1 1     1          
Botswana 1 1     1 1        
Burkina Faso 1 1     1          
Burundi 1 1     1          
Cambodia 1 1     1          
Cape Verde 1 1                
Central African Republic 1 1                
Chad 1 1                
Comoros 1 1                
Congo, Dem. Rep. of the (Leopoldville) 1 1     1          
Djibouti 1 1                
Dominica 1 1     1          
Equatorial Guinea 1 1                
Eritrea 1 1     1          
Ethiopia 1 1     1 1        
Fiji 1 1     1 1   1    
Gambia 1 1     1 1        
Grenada 1 1     1          
Guinea (French Guinea) 1 1     1         1
Guinea-Bissau 1 1     1          
Haiti 1 1     1          
Jamaica 1 1     1          
Kiribati   1                
Lao People’s Democratic Rep (Laos) 1 1                
Lesotho 1 1                
Liberia 1 1     1          
Madagascar 1 1     1          
Malawi 1 1     1          
Maldives 1 1     1          
Mali 1 1     1          
Marshall Islands 1 1                
Mauritania 1 1     1          
Mauritius 1 1     1          
Micronesia (Federated States of) 1 1     1          
Mozambique 1 1     1         1
Myanmar (Burma) 1 1     1 1 1      
Nauru   1     1          
Nepal 1 1     1     1    
Niger 1 1                
Palau   1     1          
Papua New Guinea 1 1     1 1 1      
Paraguay 1 1     1          
Rwanda 1 1     1          
Samoa 1 1     1          
Sao Tome and Principe 1 1                
Senegal 1 1     1          
Seychelles 1 1     1          
Sierra Leone 1 1     1          
Solomon Islands 1 1     1          
Somalia 1 1     1          
St. Kitts and Nevis 1 1     1          
St. Lucia 1 1     1          
St. Vincent and the Grenadines 1 1     1          
Sudan 1 1     1          
Swaziland 1 1     1          
Tanzania, United Republic of 1 1     1 1       1
Timor-Leste 1 1                
Togo 1 1     1          
Tonga 1 1     1 1   1    
Trinidad and Tobago 1 1     1          
Tuvalu   1                
Uganda 1 1     1 1        
Vanuatu 1 1     1          
Yemen 1 1     1       1  
Zambia 1 1     1         1
Zimbabwe 1 1     1 1        
OTHER
Algeria 1   1   1       1  
Andorra     1              
Anguila     1   1          
Argentina 1   1   1 1       1
Aruba     1   1          
Bahrain 1   1   1          
Belize 1   1   1          
Bermuda     1   1          
Brazil 1   1   1 1        
Brunei Darussalam 1   1   1          
Cameroon 1   1   1          
Cayman Islands     1   1          
Chile 1   1   1          
China, People’s Republic of 1   1   1 1 1 1   1
Cocos (Keeling) Islands     1   1          
Colombia 1   1   1          
Congo, Republic of the (Brazzaville) 1   1   1          
Cook Islands     1   1 1 1      
Costa Rica 1   1   1          
Cote d’Ivoire 1   1   1          
Cuba 1   1   1 1        
Cyprus     1   1 1        
Dominican Republic 1   1   1         1
Ecuador 1   1   1     1    
Egypt 1   1   1 1        
El Salvador 1   1   1          
Faroes Island     1              
French Guiana     1              
French Polynesia     1   1          
French Southern Territories                    
Gabon 1   1   1          
Ghana 1   1   1 1        
Gibraltar     1   1          
Guam     1   1          
Guatemala 1   1   1          
Guyana 1   1   1          
Holy See (Vatican City)     1   1 1        
Honduras 1   1   1          
Hong Kong     1   1 1        
India 1   1   1 1 1 1   1
Indonesia 1   1   1 1 1 1    
Iran, Islamic Republic of 1   1   1 1        
Iraq 1   1   1 1     1  
Israel     1   1 1        
Jordan 1   1   1 1     1  
Kenya 1   1   1 1 1      
Korea, Dem. People’s Rep of (N. Korea) 1   1           1  
Kuwait 1   1   1          
Lebanon 1   1   1     1    
Libyan Arab Jamahiriya 1   1   1 1        
Liechtenstein     1   1          
Macau (China SAR Macao)     1   1          
Malaysia 1   1   1 1        
Malta     1   1          
Monaco     1   1          
Montserrat     1   1 1        
Morocco 1   1   1       1  
Namibia 1   1   1          
Netherlands Antilles     1   1          
New Caledonia     1   1          
Nicaragua 1   1   1          
Nigeria 1   1   1 1        
Niue     1              
Oman 1   1   1          
Pakistan 1   1   1 1 1 1    
Palestine 1   1   1     1 1  
Panama 1   1   1          
Peru 1   1   1 1 1     1
Philippines 1   1   1 1       1
Puerto Rico     1   1          
Qatar 1   1   1          
Saudi Arabia 1   1   1 1 1      
Singapore 1   1   1 1   1    
South Africa 1   1   1 1 1      
Sri Lanka 1   1   1 1 1 1    
Suriname 1   1   1          
Syrian Arab Republic (Syria) 1   1   1     1    
Taiwan     1   1 1   1    
Thailand 1   1   1 1 1 1   1
Tunisia 1   1   1       1  
Turks and Caicos Island     1   1          
United Arab Emirates 1   1   1 1        
Uruguay 1   1   1 1        
Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of 1   1   1 1        
Vietnam (Republic of Viet-Nam) 1   1   1 1   1    
Western Sahara     1           1  
Zaire     1   1          
TRANSITION & OECD                    
Albania       1 1 1        
Armenia *       1 1          
Australia       1 1 1 1 1    
Austria       1 1          
Azerbaijan *       1 1 1        
Belarus       1 1 1        
Belgium       1 1 1        
Bosnia and Herzegovina 1     1 1 1     1  
Botswana                 1  
Bulgaria       1 1 1        
Canada       1 1 1 1      
Croatia       1 1 1        
Cote D\'Ivoire (Ivory Coast)                    
Czech Republic       1 1          
Denmark, Kingdom of (incl. Greenland)       1 1 1        
Estonia       1 1 1        
Finland       1 1          
France       1 1 1        
Georgia       1 1          
Germany       1 1 1 1      
Greece       1 1 1        
Hungary       1 1 1        
Iceland       1 1          
Ireland       1 1 1 1      
Italy       1 1 1 1 1    
Japan       1 1 1 1      
Kazakhstan *       1 1 1     1  
Kyrgyz Republic (Kyrgyzstan) *       1 1 1        
Latvia       1 1          
Lithuania       1 1          
Luxembourg       1 1          
Macedonia, the FYR of *       1 1 1     1  
Mexico       1 1 1 1     1
Moldova, Republic of *       1 1 1        
Mongolia * 1     1 1 1   1    
Montenegro       1 1 1       1
Myanmar                    
Netherlands       1 1 1 1      
New Zealand (Aotearoa)       1 1 1 1 1    
Norway       1 1 1        
Poland       1 1     1    
Portugal       1 1 1        
Republic of Korea (South Korea)       1 1 1   1    
Romania       1 1 1 1     1
Russian Federation (Russia)       1 1     1   1
Serbia       1 1 1     1 1
Slovak Republic (Slovakia)       1 1          
Slovenia       1 1 1       1
Spain       1 1 1 1 1    
Sweden       1 1 1        
Switzerland       1 1 1        
Tajikistan *       1 1 1     1  
Tokelau       1            
Turkey       1 1 1 1      
Turkmenistan * 1     1 1 1     1  
Ukraine       1 1 1        
United Kingdom       1 1 1 1 1    
United States of America       1 1 1 1      
Uzbekistan *       1 1 1     1  
Virgin Islands US                    
Virgin Islands British                    
                     
                     
Subtotals 130 74 85 56 182 88 27 26 17 17
                     
Analysis                    
G77         104 41 12 19 12 11
% of G77         80% 32% 9% 15% 9% 8%
Non G77         78 47 15 7 5 6
% of Non G77         92% 55% 18% 8% 6% 7%
LLS         49 11 2 4 2 4
% of LLS         66% 15% 3% 5% 3% 5%
Other         78 34 11 13 8 7
% Of Other         92% 40% 13% 15% 9% 8%
T&OECD         55 43 14 9 7 6
% Of T&OECD         98% 77% 25% 16% 13% 11%
Total         182 88 27 26 17 17
% Of Total         85% 41% 13% 12% 8% 8%
Notes to Table: Round brackets after a country name contain the previous name of that country; when a comma is used in the country name, it indicates that the short form of the name (before the comma) is more commonly used than the long form.
REFERENCES:
Blacksmith Institute (2006) Solving Pollution Problems in the Developing World - Pollutant: Lead [List of 21 Blacksmith Institute projects in 17 countries] www.blacksmithinstitute.org/search2.php?pollutant=lead&flag=4
CIA (Central Intelligence Agency, USA) (2007) “The World Factbook” last updated 23 January 2007, www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/xx.html
G24 (Group of Twenty-four at the United Nations) (2005) “Transition Economies” in An Estimation of IMF Quotas based on a formula derived from the G-24 Ministers Communiqué, www.g24.org/quot0905.pdf
G77 (Group of Seventy-Seven at the United Nations) (2007) “The Member States of the Group of 77”, www.g77.org/doc/members.html
OECD (Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development) (2006) OECD MEMBER COUNTRIES, www.oecd.org/document/58/0,2340,en_2649_201185_1889402_1_1_1_1,00.html
GLASS (Global Lead Advice and Support Service) (2004-7) “Biannual Activity Report from GLASS to DEH Jun ‘06 - Nov ‘06”, 25/1/07; “Biannual Activity Report from GLASS to DEH Dec ‘05 - May ‘06”, 25/6/06, www.lead.org.au/anrepmmvi/bianrep2006May.html; “Annual Report from the Global Lead Advice & Support Service (GLASS) to SA Dept of Health & NSW Health & DEC incorporating Quarterly Reports June 2004 to May 2005”, 19/8/05, www.lead.org.au/anrepmmv/anrep2005.html; “Annual Report from the Lead Advisory Service Australia (LASA) to SA Dept of Human Services & NSW Govt incorporating Quarterly Reports - June 2003 to May 2004”, 10/7/04, www.lead.org.au/anrepmmiv/anrep2004.html;
GLASS (2005) “Countries possibly still to ban leaded petrol as at 20th Oct 2005” www.lead.org.au/fs/fst27superseded.html
GLASS (1995-2007) Global Lead Advice and Support Service Database [including client, expert & volunteer details, records of emails/phone calls, information sent and referrals made]
GLASS (2007) [collation of data from various governments and petroleum associations, the Partnership for Cleaner Fuels & Vehicles (PCFV) & International Fuel Quality Center (IFQC)] "Countries where Leaded Petrol is Possibly Still Sold for Road Use [List of 17 countries in region, alphabetical and population order]" www.lead.org.au/fs/fst27-20070222.html
[Also refer to the most up-to-date list of lead petrol countries at  
www.lead.org.au/fs/fst27.html
 ]
UNCTAD (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development) (2003) “UN [United Nations] list of LDCs [Least Developed Countries ] after the 2003 triennial review”, www.unctad.org/Templates/Page.asp?intItemID=3641&lang=1; “List of land-locked developing countries (this unofficial list is for analytical purposes only) www.unctad.org/Templates/Page.asp?intItemID=3632&lang=1; “Small Island Developing States (SIDS) (this unofficial list is for analytical purposes only)” www.unctad.org/Templates/Page.asp?intItemID=3645&lang=1
UNSTATS (United Nations Statistics Division) (2006) Countries or areas codes and abbreviations, 1 October 2006, http://unstats.un.org/unsd/methods/m49/m49alpha.htm

 

1. About the Global Lead Advice and Support Service (GLASS)
2. Main Sources of Lead
3. How Would You Know If You or Your Child Was lead poisoned?
4. Lead aware housekeeping
5. Ceiling dust & lead poisoning
6. Is your yard lead safe?
   
你的院子是铅安全的吗
7. Health Impacts of lead poisoning
8. Rotary Questionnaire
9. Lead poisoned Pets and Your Family
10. Childhood Lead Poisoning Risk Factor Questionnaire
11. Is Your Child Safe From Lead? - What Can You Do About Lead? pdf
12. Lead in Drinking Water in Australia
13. Have We Really Resolved The Lead Issue?
14. The Importance of the Availability of "Spot Tests" for Lead in Paint
15. Pregnant or Planning a Pregnancy
16. Breastfeeding and Lead
17. Lead in breast milk
18. Beware The Lead In Lead Lighting
19. Renting and Lead
20. What to do if you have too much lead in your tank water.pdf
21. Lead Contamination in Stormwater.pdf
22. Contamination At Shooting Ranges.pdf
23. Banned: Leaded Wick Candles
24. Lead, Ageing and Death
     
铅,衰老和死亡
25. Metal miniatures: How to minimise the risks of lead poisoning and contamination
26. 7 Point Plan for the MANAGEMENT OF LEAD by Australian parents and carers
27. Countries where Leaded Petrol is Possibly Still Sold for Road Use, As at 10th May 2010
28. Lead Poisoning And The Brain - Cognitive Deficits And Mental Illness
29. Facts and Firsts of Lead
30. Lead mining royalties by state and territory
31. Lead Mining Stewardship - Grey Lead and the Role of The LEAD Group
32. Preventative Strategies of The LEAD Group
33. What do Doctors need to do about Lead?
34. A Naturopath's Experience Of Lead & People With Diagnosed Mental Illness
35. Case File: Helping Manage Australian Lead in Petrol - How GLASS Works
36. Glass Web & Service-Users, Experts & Volunteers, by Country; Countries with Leaded Petrol for Road Use & Worst Pollution
37. Lead in ceiling dust
38. Lead paint & ceiling dust management - how to do it lead-safely
39. Esperance parliamentary inquiry follow-up factsheet: Where to from Here??
     
埃斯佩兰斯议会调查后续情况说明书:从这里去哪里??
40. Broken Hill lead miners factsheet 1893 with Note 20081015
41. Helping a Doctor Help 35,000 Lead-Poisoned People Around the Lead Smelter at La Oroya in Peru
      Ayuda a un doctor que ayuda 35,000 personas envenenadas por plomo alrededor de la fundidora de plomo en la Oroya-Peru
     
案例档案:帮助一个医生救助在秘鲁的拉奥罗亚的铅冶炼厂周围的35000铅中毒的人民全球铅咨询和支持的服务机构是怎末工作的
42. Fact sheet for Australian toy importers and traders
43. Iron Nutrition & Lead Toxicity pdf
     Informe de Acciones – Hierro y Plomo en la Nutrición pdf
    
情况说明书铁的营养和铅的毒性 pdf
44. Sanitarium-Are You getting Enough Iron pdf
45. Do-It-Yourself-Lead-Safe-Test-Kits-flyer
46. Blood lead testing: who to test, when, and how to respond to the result
47. Dangers of a blood lead level above 2 µg/dL and below 10 µg/dL to both adults and children pdf
48. Lead Exposure & Alzheimer’s Disease: Is There A Link?  
49. In CHINA - Blood lead testing: who to test, when, and how to respond to the result
     
在中国血铅测试:谁应该去检查,什么时候,如何对待不同的测试结果
50. Why you should have your ceiling dust removed before you take advantage of the Australian government's Energy Efficient Homes Package: Insulation Program
51. Alperstein et al Lead Alert - A Guide For Health Professionals 1994 pdf
52. Ceiling Dust WorkCover Guide Lee Schreiber Final Nov 1999 pdf
53. What can I do about climate change AND lead?
54. The Need for Expert Clinical Assessments in Diagnosis Of Heavy Metal Poisoning
55. Why you should have your ceiling dust removed before you have insulation installed
56. Thirty Thought-Starters on Ceiling Void Dust in Homes
57. Pectin: Panacea for both lead poisoning and lead contamination
58. Nutrients that reduce lead poisoning June 2010
PDF
59. Lead poisoning and menopause PDF
60. Fact sheet For Schoolkids From Professor Knowlead About Lead PDF

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Last Updated 18 August 2010
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Phone: +61 2 9716 0014 Fax: +61 2 9716 9005